A payload data handling system is a satellite subsystem that is designed to receive, store, process, and compress payload data (e.g., camera data) for transmission to ground stations. Satellite payloads refer to scientific instruments or equipment (e.g., telescopes, spectrometers, cameras, and particle detectors) and sensors used on a satellite to perform specific tasks. It handles real-time data processing, such as image enhancement or spectral analysis and is equipped with fault-tolerant and radiation-resistant storage systems. 

Payload data handling system is built on a FPGA or microcontroller architecture that acts as a system monitor and a communication interface with the OBC. The microcontroller also supervises the internal temperatures and internal current consumption and ensures the integrity of the memory's content. The payload data handling system is ideal for space applications, including small satellites and airborne platforms.